📚Multimedia Hardware & Software📚

 Multimedia Hardware

We can define various types of hardware required for multimedia applications as follows:-

• Computer
• Input Devices
• Output Devices
• Storage Devices
• Communicating Devices

Computer

A computer💻 is an electronic device. It accepts raw data from us, process it, and gives meaningful information as required by the user.

• Data:- Raw facts and figures in unprocessed form
• Information:- A processed form of data

                                                          

Input devices

The devices that allow data and instruction to be entered in a computer. (OR) An input device is any machine that feeds data into a computer. Some input devices are given below:-

[a]. Keyboard :- 

• One of the primary input devices used with computers.
• The keyboard looks similar to the keyboard of electronic typewriters with a few extra keys.
• A keyboard computer allows the user to input letters, numbers and symbols into the computer.
• Uses an arrangement of buttons or keys. Requires pressing and holding multiple keys simultaneously or in sequence.

                            
[b]. Mouse :-

• A device that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on the display screen.
• The mouse is important to the graphical user interface because the user can point to options and objects with just one click.
• The 2D motion of the mouse is usually translated to the cursor speed on display.

[c]. Joystick :-

• A joystick allows a person to move in an object in a game such as navigating an aircraft in a flight simulator.
• There are one to three buttons next to the ball, which we use as a mouse button.

[d]. Touch Screen :- 

• A touch screen is an electronic visual display that can detect the presence and location of a touch within a display area.
• The term generally refers to the tactile display of the device with the finger or hand.

[e]. Light Pen :-

• A light pen is a computer input device in the form of a light-sensitive stick used in conjunction with a computer's CRT display.
• This allows the user to point to the displayed object or drag it across the screen in a similar way to the touch screen, but with more precise accuracy.

[f]. Digital camera :-

• A camera that stores pictures or videos in electronic form instead of film.
• Digital cameras have become the camera solution for most users today as the quality of the picture they take has improved greatly and as the price has decreased.

[g]. OMR :-

• This is stands for optical mark recognition.
• OMR is the process of capturing human marked data from documents such as surveys and tests.
• They are used for lines or shaded areas in the form of questionnaires, multiple-choice examination papers.

[h]. OCR :-

• OCR, Optical Character Reader or Optical Character Recognition is an electronic or mechanical conversion of images of typed, handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text, whether from a scanned document, a photo of a document or a scene.

[I]. MICR :-

• Magnetic Ink Character Recognition code, known in short as MICR code, is a character-recognition technology used mainly by the banking industry to streamline the processing and cheques and other documents.

[j]. Microphone :- 

• A microphone is a device that translates sound, vibration in the air into electronic signals or scribes them to a recording medium.
• Microphones enable many types of audio recording devices for purpose including communication of many kinds, as well as music and speech recording.

Output Devices

The devices that allow information to be represented to a user. The output is anything that comes out of a computer, can be meaningful information and appear in a variety of forms- as binary numbers, characters, and printed pages.

[a]. Monitor :-

• The device which displays computer output.
• The monitor displays the video and graphics information generated by the computer through the video card.
• Monitors are very similar to the television but usually display information at much higher revolution.

[b]. Speakers :-

• A hardware device connected to the computers sound card that output sounds generated by the computer.
• Speakers can be used for various sounds meant to alert the user, as well as music and spoken text.

[c]. Printer :-

• The printer is an external hardware device responsible for taking computer data and generating a hard copy of that data.
• Printers are one of the most used peripherals on computers and are commonly used to print text, images, and photos.

• Read more about printers......
  

Storage Devices

1. Primary or Main Memory :-

• Primary memory holds only those data and instructions on which computer is working on.
• It is made up of semiconductor devices.
• It has limited capacity and data is lost when the power supply is switched off.
• It is divided into two sub-categories:- RAM & ROM.

2. Secondary or External Memory :-

• Used for storing data and information.
• CPU does not directly access these memories as they are accessed by input & output.
• These memories are slow than main memory.

[a]. CD :-

• CD ROMs are started by the rumours and can not be erased and filled with new data.
• To read a CD ROM a CD player is needed
• Suitable for large storage capacity information like a large software application that supports graphics, sound and videos.

 

[b]. Blue Ray :-

• It is optical disk formate designed to display high definition video and store large data.
• Rewritable, with a data transfer rate of 36 Mbps and can hold up to 27 GB of data.

[c]. PD :-

• A Pendrive or USB is a portable data storage device.
• Small in size, large rate and can be easily carried out from one place to another.
• It can be used to store graphics, video, music, photos and many more.

3.  Cache Memory :-

• It is very high-speed semiconductor memory which speeds up the CPU.
• It acts as a buffer between the CPU and main memory.
• It is used to hold part of data and programs which are most frequently used by CPU.

Connecting Devices

1. SCSI :-

• It stands for Small Computer System Interface.
• SCSI is a standard interface for connecting peripherals to a PC.
• Depending on the standard, it can connect up to 16 peripheral devices using a signal bus.
• It is used to increase performance and faster transfer, transmission and provide expansion for devices such as scanner, CD ROM drive and DVD drives.

2. MCI :-

• It stands for Media Control Interface.
• The MCI provides standard commands for playing multimedia devices and recording multimedia resource files.
• The MCI developed by Microsoft and for controlling multimedia peripheral devices connected to Microsoft windows.
• MCI differs to the commands which the window provided to the software to communicate in multimedia peripherals.

Communicating Devices

1. Modem :-

• A modem is a very important piece of network hardware that allows a computer to send or receive data through a telephone line or a cable connection. In simple words, it is a device that connects a computer to the internet.
• The word modem is actually made by the combining parts of two different words modulator and demodulator.
• As this suggests, a modem is a device that both modulates and demodulates signal that encode and retrieve information, respectively.
• For Starters, Modulation is a process of adding meaningful information to the carrier wave and so that it can be transmitted over a long distance.
• this is why the modem is named such because it both modulates and demodulates signals.

2. ISDN :-

• It stands for Integrated Service Digital Network.
• An ISDN is a network in which some digital switches and digital paths are used to established different services, for example, telephone and data.
• An ISDN is a network that provides end-to-end digital connectivity to support a wide range of services including voice and non-voice services, to which users have access by a limited set of a standard multi-purpose user-network interface.
• Three factors are responsible for development towards ISDN -

1. Social Needs
2. Economic values
3. Technological development

• ISDN Services :-

1. Voice transmission
2. E-mail
3. Data transmission
4. Electronic fund transfer
5. Audio & video confreccing
6. Image & graphics exchange

Multimedia Software

• 3D making and animation tools
• Image and editing tools
• OCR
• Sound editing tools
• Video for windows tools
• Presentation tools
• Photoshop and animation tools

Multimedia Software Requirments

[a]. MS PowerPoint :-

• PowerPoint presentations are made up of slides, may contain graphics, movies and other content which may be arranged by slides.

[b]. Adopt CS4 :-

• It is a collection of graphics, designing, video editing and web development applications.

[c]. Adopt flash player :-

• An adopt flash player is a multimedia platform that is used for adding animation and interactivity to web pages used to trade animation and advertisement to integrate video into web pages to develop internet application.

[d]. Adopt Software :-

• A multimedia player program first developed by Macromedia required by adopt system and allow the application to be published on the internet and view in a web browser in any computer.

[e]. Photoshop pro :-

• Adopt Photoshop is a graphics editing program developed and published by adopt system.

Requirments of multimedia Systems

• Computer systems
• Communicating networks
• communicating devices
• Input devices
• Output devices
• Storage Devices
• Software
• Software Tools

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